Sources
Every number here either comes from a public source you can open, or says it's our best guess. Here are all 15 sources, what we use each one for, and when we last checked it.
Where we couldn't find a source, we say so right next to the number and widen the range. Further down, pick your state to see its typical price and the least insurance its law asks for.
Where the numbers come from
Real prices, from state insurance departments
Several states publish what many companies charge the same sample drivers, changing one thing at a time. That's the best public evidence there is for how a price moves.
California Department of Insurance
2026 Automobile Premium Survey (comparison tool)
How age, driving record, miles, bundling, and city or country change a price.
Checked September 22, 2026
Texas Department of Insurance and the Office of Public Insurance Counsel
HelpInsure.com auto sample rates (data call: Commissioner's Bulletin B-0005-25)
How age, driving record, miles, city or country, and liability limits change a price.
Checked September 22, 2026
Oklahoma Insurance Department
Auto Insurance Rate Comparison (Updated September 2026)
How age and city or country change a price.
Checked September 22, 2026
District of Columbia Department of Insurance, Securities and Banking
2024 Automobile Insurance Premium Comparison: Sample Profiles (6 month policy)
How a driver's age changes a price.
Checked September 22, 2026
North Dakota Insurance & Securities Department
2026 Auto Insurance Cost Comparison Survey
How city or country changes a price.
Checked September 22, 2026
Colorado Division of Insurance
Private Passenger Automobile Premium Comparison Report
How city or country changes a price.
Checked September 22, 2026
North Carolina Department of Insurance
Safe Driver Incentive Plan (insurance points)
How an at-fault accident raises a price.
Checked September 22, 2026
Cars
Which car you drive changes what it costs to fix and how often it's in a claim.
Highway Loss Data Institute (IIHS-HLDI)
Insurance losses by make and model, 2022–24 models
How each model's insurance claims compare with the average car. This is the “Why” you see when you tap a car.
Checked September 22, 2026
Insurance Journal (reporting an Insurance Services Office announcement)
New ISO Symbols Rate Cars By Make and Model for Liability, No-Fault/Medical Payments Insurance
Why a car's crash record only partly moves the liability part of the bill.
Checked September 22, 2026
S&P Global Mobility (press release)
How old the average car is, which sets the car's age we start from.
Checked September 22, 2026
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
The list of cars you can pick, by model year. If you look up a VIN, your browser asks NHTSA directly.
Checked September 21, 2026
FuelEconomy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy and EPA)
Each car's versions, its size class, and whether it's gas, hybrid, or electric.
Checked September 21, 2026
Starting prices
When you don't tell us what you pay, we start from what drivers in your state pay on average.
National Association of Insurance Commissioners
The typical price for each state, and how a full-coverage bill splits.
Checked September 22, 2026
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
How much car insurance prices have risen since 2023.
Checked September 22, 2026
Insurance Information Institute (data from ISO)
How a full-coverage bill splits between liability and fixing your own car.
Checked September 22, 2026
State laws
Each state's minimum coverage comes from its own statute or insurance department. All 50 states and DC link to theirs. See your state.
Your state
The typical price is what an average driver paid for one car in 2023. The minimums are the least insurance the law asks you to carry: not a price, and not advice about how much to buy.
Illinois
Typical yearly price, 2023
$1,257 for full coverage, $598 for liability only.
What an average driver paid for one car. Source: NAIC, 2022/2023 Auto Insurance Database Report, 2023 data. The math brings it up to today and adjusts it for your driver, car, and coverage.
The least insurance the law asks for
- Liability (per person / per crash / property)
- $25,000/$50,000/$20,000
- Personal injury protection (PIP)
- Not required
- Medical payments
- Not required
- No-fault
- No
- Uninsured motorist
- Required
- Underinsured motorist
- Not required
Illinois requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $20,000 for property damage. Uninsured-motorist coverage at 25/50 is always included and can't be turned down. If you buy higher limits, underinsured-motorist coverage is added to match.
Good to know: Underinsured motorist coverage isn't needed on a minimum 25/50/20 policy. It becomes required as soon as your uninsured coverage is above 25/50. Your uninsured coverage matches your injury limits unless you turn down the extra in writing.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Every policy includes uninsured motorist coverage of at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash, and you can't turn that part down. By default it matches your injury liability limits; you can turn down only the amount above 25/50, in writing. Underinsured motorist coverage is required only when your uninsured coverage is above that minimum, and then it must match. So a minimum 25/50/20 policy doesn't need it.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
All states
All 50 states and DC link to a statute or government page, and 50 have all three dollar limits. The newest check was September 22, 2026. Where we couldn't confirm something, it says “Not confirmed yet” and the state's notes say why.
Typical price for every state
What an average driver in each state paid in 2023 for one car with full coverage (liability, collision, and comprehensive), and for liability alone. It's a starting point, not your price: a teen driver, a newer car, or higher limits cost more. When you don't tell us what you pay, the What-if page starts from your state's full-coverage figure, brought up to today. Nationally, it was $1,439.
| State | Full coverage, a year | Liability only, a year |
|---|---|---|
| Alabama | $1,269 | $576 |
| Alaska | $1,262 | $624 |
| Arizona | $1,505 | $793 |
| Arkansas | $1,296 | $538 |
| California | $1,418 | $661 |
| Colorado | $1,655 | $782 |
| Connecticut | $1,508 | $854 |
| Delaware | $1,569 | $962 |
| District of Columbia | $1,818 | $891 |
| Florida | $1,994 | $1,295 |
| Georgia | $1,746 | $1,046 |
| Hawaii | $998 | $464 |
| Idaho | $981 | $482 |
| Illinois | $1,257 | $598 |
| Indiana | $1,032 | $485 |
| Iowa | $1,010 | $387 |
| Kansas | $1,182 | $483 |
| Kentucky | $1,208 | $633 |
| Louisiana | $1,983 | $1,055 |
| Maine | $926 | $425 |
| Maryland | $1,602 | $869 |
| Massachusetts | $1,413 | $710 |
| Michigan | $1,573 | $766 |
| Minnesota | $1,223 | $542 |
| Mississippi | $1,395 | $637 |
| Missouri | $1,323 | $614 |
| Montana | $1,184 | $472 |
| Nebraska | $1,184 | $484 |
| Nevada | $1,600 | $1,040 |
| New Hampshire | $1,032 | $482 |
| New Jersey | $1,693 | $1,033 |
| New Mexico | $1,301 | $624 |
| New York | $1,896 | $1,116 |
| North Carolina | $1,097 | $448 |
| North Dakota | $961 | $332 |
| Ohio | $1,038 | $485 |
| Oklahoma | $1,324 | $566 |
| Oregon | $1,268 | $751 |
| Pennsylvania | $1,273 | $567 |
| Rhode Island | $1,710 | $984 |
| South Carolina | $1,517 | $879 |
| South Dakota | $1,158 | $378 |
| Tennessee | $1,212 | $542 |
| Texas | $1,727 | $798 |
| Utah | $1,285 | $746 |
| Vermont | $958 | $381 |
| Virginia | $1,238 | $627 |
| Washington | $1,235 | $708 |
| West Virginia | $1,227 | $523 |
| Wisconsin | $1,000 | $447 |
| Wyoming | $1,180 | $390 |
Minimums and notes for every state
| State | Liability: per person / per crash / property | Personal injury protection (PIP) | Medical payments | No-fault | Uninsured motorist | Underinsured motorist | The law |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | $25k / $50k / $25k | Not required | Not required | No | Included unless declined | Included unless declined | Source |
| Alaska | $50k / $100k / $25k | Not required | Not required | No | Included unless declined in writing | Included unless declined in writing | Source |
| Arizona | $25k / $50k / $15k | Not required | Not required | No | Not required | Not required | Source |
| Arkansas | $25k / $50k / $25k | Included unless declined in writing | Not required | No | Included unless declined in writing | Not required | Source |
| California | $30k / $60k / $15k | Not required | Not required | No | Included unless declined in writing | Included unless declined in writing | Source |
| Colorado | $25k / $50k / $15k | Not required | Included unless declined in writing | No | Included unless declined in writing | Included unless declined in writing | Source |
| Connecticut | $25k / $50k / $25k | Not required | Not required | No | Required | Required | Source |
| Delaware | $25k / $50k / $10k | Required | Not required | No | Included unless declined in writing | Not required | Source |
| District of Columbia | $25k / $50k / $10k | Not required | Not required | Your choice | Required | Not required | Source |
| Florida | none / none / $10k | Required | Not required | Yes | Not required | Not required | Source |
| Georgia | $25k / $50k / $25k | Not required | Not required | No | Not confirmed yet | Not confirmed yet | Source |
| Hawaii | $40k / $80k / $20k | Required | Not required | Yes | Included unless declined in writing | Included unless declined in writing | Source |
| Idaho | $25k / $50k / $15k | Not required | Not required | No | Included unless declined in writing | Included unless declined in writing | Source |
| Illinois | $25k / $50k / $20k | Not required | Not required | No | Required | Not required | Source |
| Indiana | $25k / $50k / $25k | Not required | Not required | No | Included unless declined in writing | Included unless declined in writing | Source |
| Iowa | $20k / $40k / $15k | Not required | Not required | No | Included unless declined in writing | Included unless declined in writing | Source |
| Kansas | $25k / $50k / $25k | Required | Not required | Yes | Required | Required | Source |
| Kentucky | $25k / $50k / $25k | Required | Not required | Your choice | Included unless declined in writing | Not required | Source |
| Louisiana | $15k / $30k / $25k | Not required | Not required | No | Included unless declined in writing | Included unless declined in writing | Source |
| Maine | $50k / $100k / $25k | Not required | Required | No | Required | Required | Source |
| Maryland | $30k / $60k / $15k | Included unless declined in writing | Not required | No | Required | Required | Source |
| Massachusetts | $25k / $50k / $30k | Required | Not required | Yes | Required | Not required | Source |
| Michigan | $50k / $100k / $10k | Required | Not required | Yes | Not required | Not required | Source |
| Minnesota | $30k / $60k / $10k | Required | Not required | Yes | Required | Required | Source |
| Mississippi | $25k / $50k / $25k | Not required | Not required | No | Included unless declined in writing | Included unless declined in writing | Source |
| Missouri | $25k / $50k / $25k | Not required | Not required | No | Required | Not required | Source |
| Montana | $25k / $50k / $20k | Not required | Not required | No | Included unless declined | Not required | Source |
| Nebraska | $25k / $50k / $25k | Not required | Not required | No | Required | Required | Source |
| Nevada | $25k / $50k / $20k | Not required | Not required | No | Included unless declined in writing | Not required | Source |
| New Hampshire | $25k / $50k / $25k | Not required | Required | No | Required | Required | Source |
| New Jersey | $35k / $70k / $25k | Required | Not required | Your choice | Required | Required | Source |
| New Mexico | $25k / $50k / $10k | Not required | Not required | No | Included unless declined in writing | Included unless declined in writing | Source |
| New York | $25k / $50k / $10k | Required | Not required | Yes | Required | Not required | Source |
| North Carolina | $50k / $100k / $50k | Not required | Not required | No | Required | Required | Source |
| North Dakota | $25k / $50k / $25k | Required | Not required | Yes | Required | Required | Source |
| Ohio | $25k / $50k / $25k | Not required | Not required | No | Not required | Not required | Source |
| Oklahoma | $25k / $50k / $25k | Not required | Not required | No | Included unless declined in writing | Included unless declined in writing | Source |
| Oregon | $25k / $50k / $20k | Required | Not required | No | Required | Required | Source |
| Pennsylvania | $15k / $30k / $5k | Required | Not required | Your choice | Not required | Not required | Source |
| Rhode Island | $25k / $50k / $25k | Not required | Not required | No | Included unless declined in writing | Included unless declined in writing | Source |
| South Carolina | $25k / $50k / $25k | Not required | Not required | No | Required | Not required | Source |
| South Dakota | $25k / $50k / $25k | Not required | Not required | No | Required | Required | Source |
| Tennessee | $25k / $50k / $25k | Not required | Not required | No | Included unless declined in writing | Not confirmed yet | Source |
| Texas | $30k / $60k / $25k | Included unless declined in writing | Not required | No | Included unless declined in writing | Included unless declined in writing | Source |
| Utah | $30k / $65k / $25k | Required | Not required | Yes | Included unless declined in writing | Included unless declined in writing | Source |
| Vermont | $25k / $50k / $10k | Not required | Not required | No | Required | Required | Source |
| Virginia | $50k / $100k / $25k | Not required | Not required | No | Required | Required | Source |
| Washington | $25k / $50k / $10k | Not required | Not required | No | Included unless declined in writing | Included unless declined in writing | Source |
| West Virginia | $25k / $50k / $25k | Not required | Not required | No | Required | Not required | Source |
| Wisconsin | $25k / $50k / $10k | Not required | Included unless declined | No | Required | Not required | Source |
| Wyoming | $25k / $50k / $20k | Not required | Not required | No | Included unless declined | Not required | Source |
Notes by state
A short summary for each state, anything good to know, and anything we couldn’t confirm, with every page we used.
Alabama
Alabama requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $25,000 for property damage. Uninsured/underinsured-motorist coverage is included unless you turn it down.
Good to know: Alabama's law gives you the right to turn down uninsured motorist coverage but doesn't say the first refusal has to be in writing, so we mark it "included unless you decline." Insurers usually ask you to sign a form anyway. Alabama counts a driver with too little insurance as uninsured, so this coverage also protects you from underinsured drivers.
What we couldn’t confirm: We only saw part of the law's definition of an uninsured vehicle (the text was cut off). We marked PIP and medical payments coverage not required because we found no law requiring them, not because a law says they're optional.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- At least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash. Because Alabama counts underinsured drivers as uninsured, one coverage handles both.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Alaska
Alaska requires at least $50,000 per person and $100,000 per crash for injuries, plus $25,000 for property damage. Uninsured/underinsured-motorist coverage at those same amounts is included unless you waive it in writing.
Good to know: Some vehicles driven only in areas off the main road system are exempt, if the driver has no recent serious violations. The table describes the general rule.
What we couldn’t confirm: We marked PIP and medical payments coverage not required because we found no law requiring them, not because a law says they're optional.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- One coverage handles both uninsured and underinsured drivers, at the state minimums ($50,000/$100,000 for injuries and $25,000 for property damage). You can waive all or part of it in writing.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Arizona
Arizona requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $15,000 for property damage. Your insurer has to offer uninsured and underinsured-motorist coverage in writing, but buying it is your choice.
What we couldn’t confirm: We marked PIP and medical payments coverage not required because we found no law requiring them; the only mention of medical payments we found is about liens.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Your insurer must offer uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage in writing, on a state-approved form, up to your injury liability limits. Buying either one is up to you.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Arkansas
Arkansas requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $25,000 for property damage. Personal injury protection and uninsured-motorist coverage come with your policy unless you turn them down in writing, and underinsured-motorist coverage must be offered to you.
What we couldn’t confirm: The limits are confirmed on the Arkansas Insurance Department's FAQ. That same FAQ says you "must be offered" uninsured motorist, underinsured motorist, and PIP coverage, which is weaker than the law excerpts we read (those say uninsured motorist coverage and PIP come with the policy unless you turn them down in writing). The official Arkansas Code is only on LexisNexis public access, which blocks direct links behind a captcha, so we saw only search excerpts of those laws, not the full sections. We didn't capture the exact PIP income benefits. We marked medical payments coverage not required because PIP already covers medical bills.
- Personal injury protection
- Medical and hospital benefits up to $5,000 per person, income-disability benefits, and a $5,000 accidental-death benefit; any or all parts may be rejected in writing.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured motorist coverage for injuries is at least the state's liability minimums, and your insurer must offer more, up to your own liability limits. Underinsured motorist coverage must be offered, you can turn it down in writing, and it's only sold together with the uninsured coverage.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
- Sources
- Arkansas Insurance Department, Private Passenger Automobile Insurance FAQ (open 'What coverages are mandatory?')
- A.C.A. 27-22-104 (Lexis public access, search for the section)
- A.C.A. 23-89-403 (Lexis public access, search for the section)
- A.C.A. 23-89-209 (Lexis public access, search for the section)
- A.C.A. 23-89-202 and 23-89-203 (Lexis public access, search for the section)
California
California requires at least $30,000 per person and $60,000 per crash for injuries, plus $15,000 for property damage, for policies issued or renewed since January 1, 2025. Uninsured and underinsured-motorist coverage is included unless you sign a form removing it. The minimums are set to rise again in 2035.
Coming January 1, 2035: Vehicle Code 16056(d) raises each minimum by $20,000/$40,000/$10,000, to $50,000/$100,000/$25,000, for policies issued or renewed from 1 January 2035. Source
Good to know: You can also meet California's requirement with a bond, a cash deposit, or self-insurance instead of a policy. Uninsured motorist coverage in California includes underinsured drivers, so if you keep one you have both.
What we couldn’t confirm: We marked medical payments coverage not required because we found no law requiring it, not because a law says it's optional.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured motorist coverage comes with every policy that has injury liability, unless you remove it by signing the state's form. You can also agree to lower limits, but not below the state minimums. Any policy with this coverage must also include underinsured motorist coverage.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Colorado
Colorado requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $15,000 for property damage. Uninsured/underinsured-motorist coverage and $5,000 of medical payments coverage are included unless you turn them down in writing.
What we couldn’t confirm: The newest official statute file we found is the 2024 edition (marked "uncertified"), so we couldn't check 2025-2026 changes against the law's text. You may be able to turn down medical payments coverage the same way you applied (for example, online), not only on paper.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured motorist coverage is at least Colorado's injury liability minimums, and by law it also covers underinsured drivers. Your insurer must offer it at your own injury liability limits. Medical payments coverage is $5,000 unless you turn it down in writing (or the same way you applied, such as online).
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Connecticut
Connecticut requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $25,000 for property damage. Every policy must include uninsured/underinsured-motorist coverage. It matches your liability limits unless you sign a form lowering it, and it can't go below $25,000/$50,000.
Good to know: Connecticut ended its no-fault system years ago, so PIP isn't required.
What we couldn’t confirm: We marked medical payments coverage not required because we found no law requiring it, not because a law says it's optional.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Every policy includes combined uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage. It matches your injury liability limits unless you ask in writing, on a signed consent form, for less. It can never go below $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash. Insurers must offer up to twice your injury liability limits.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Delaware
Delaware requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $10,000 for property damage. You must also carry personal injury protection (at least $15,000 per person and $30,000 per crash). Uninsured-motorist coverage is included unless you turn it down in writing, and underinsured coverage is an option you can buy.
Good to know: Delaware's PIP pays your own medical bills no matter who caused the crash, but we found no limit on your right to sue, so Delaware isn't marked as a no-fault state.
What we couldn’t confirm: We marked medical payments coverage not required because we found no separate law requiring it. PIP already covers medical bills.
- Personal injury protection
- At least $15,000 per person and $30,000 per crash (medical bills, lost earnings, funeral costs up to $5,000, and more). Delaware also requires at least $10,000 of coverage for damage to property other than vehicles.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured motorist coverage is at least the state's minimums for injuries and property damage (with a $250 deductible for property damage). Insurers must offer more, up to $100,000/$300,000. Underinsured motorist coverage is part of that optional extra.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
District of Columbia
D.C. requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $10,000 for property damage. Uninsured-motorist coverage is mandatory, while personal injury protection and underinsured coverage are options. A new law raises the minimums to $50,000/$100,000/$20,000 starting October 1, 2027.
No-fault is your choice here. If you don't choose, ordinary fault rules apply.
Coming October 1, 2027: D.C. Law 26-155 raises the minimums to $50,000/$100,000/$20,000 (and uninsured-motorist coverage to match) for policies from 1 October 2027. Source
Good to know: D.C. is a "choice" no-fault system. PIP is optional, and the limit on lawsuits only applies if an injured person who has PIP chooses PIP benefits. Without PIP, ordinary fault rules apply.
What we couldn’t confirm: We found no way to turn down uninsured motorist coverage in the law, so it's marked required. We marked medical payments coverage not required because we found no law requiring it, not because a law says it's optional.
- Personal injury protection
- Optional. Insurers must offer PIP (medical and rehabilitation, lost work, funeral), and you can buy any or all parts.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured motorist coverage is required: $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, and $5,000 for property damage (with a $200 deductible). You can buy up to 100/300/25. Underinsured motorist coverage is optional; insurers must offer it.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Florida
Florida doesn't make most drivers carry bodily-injury liability. You need $10,000 of personal injury protection (PIP), which pays your own medical bills no matter who caused the crash, plus $10,000 of property damage liability. If you add bodily-injury coverage, uninsured-motorist coverage comes with it unless you turn it down in writing.
Good to know: Florida doesn't make most drivers carry injury liability, so those cells are blank. It becomes required ($10,000/$20,000) after certain crashes or violations, and a DUI conviction requires more. Uninsured motorist coverage comes only with policies that include injury liability, so a minimum Florida policy (PIP plus property damage) doesn't have it.
What we couldn’t confirm: We didn't re-read the higher amounts required after a DUI.
- Personal injury protection
- $10,000 for medical and disability benefits (it pays 80% of reasonable medical bills), plus a $5,000 death benefit.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Only applies if your policy includes injury liability. Then uninsured motorist coverage matches your injury limits unless you pick lower limits or turn it down in writing. In Florida it also covers drivers who have too little insurance.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
- Sources
- Fla. Stat. s. 324.022 (property damage requirement)
- Fla. Stat. s. 627.736 (required PIP benefits)
- Fla. Stat. s. 627.737 (tort exemption / threshold)
- Fla. Stat. s. 627.727 (UM/UIM)
- FLHSMV - Insurance Requirements
- Fla. Stat. s. 324.021(7) (BI proof only after crash / FR events)
- Florida Senate - SB 522 (2026) status
Georgia
Georgia requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries you cause, plus $25,000 for property damage. Georgia is an at-fault state with no required PIP. We haven't yet confirmed the uninsured-motorist rule from the official code.
What we couldn’t confirm: Whether uninsured motorist coverage is included is left blank. The official Georgia code is published only through LexisNexis, which we couldn't open. Unofficial copies say this coverage is included unless you turn it down in writing, but we don't cite unofficial copies. We marked PIP and medical payments coverage not required because we found no law requiring them, not because a law says they're optional.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Hawaii
Since January 1, 2026, Hawaii requires at least $40,000 per person and $80,000 per crash for injuries, plus $20,000 for property damage (up from 20/40/10). You also need $10,000 of personal injury protection, which pays your own medical bills no matter who caused the crash. Uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage are included unless you turn them down in writing.
What we couldn’t confirm: Hawaii's statute site blocks scripts, so we read it in a browser. We didn't open the 2024 law that raised the minimums; the January 1, 2026 start date comes from the Insurance Division's FAQ.
- Personal injury protection
- $10,000 per person.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured motorist coverage comes with your policy at your injury liability limits (at least $40,000/$80,000) unless you turn it down in writing. Underinsured motorist coverage is also included and can be turned down the same way, with your signature on the offer.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
- Sources
- HRS 431:10C-301 (required motor vehicle policy coverage)
- HRS 431:10C-301(b)(3)-(4) UM/UIM
- Hawaii Insurance Division - FAQ: Auto Insurance Minimum Limits (Effective January 1, 2026)
- HRS 431:10C-103.5 (PIP benefits; limits)
- HRS 431:10C-306 (abolition of tort liability / threshold)
- HRS 431:10C-104 (insurance required)
Idaho
Idaho requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $15,000 for property damage. Uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage are included unless you turn them down in writing. Idaho is an at-fault state with no required PIP.
What we couldn’t confirm: We found no 2025 or 2026 bill changing Idaho's minimums, but we didn't search every 2026 bill. We marked PIP and medical payments coverage not required because we found no law requiring them, not because a law says they're optional.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage are both included, at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash. You can turn down either or both in writing or electronically.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Illinois
Illinois requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $20,000 for property damage. Uninsured-motorist coverage at 25/50 is always included and can't be turned down. If you buy higher limits, underinsured-motorist coverage is added to match.
Good to know: Underinsured motorist coverage isn't needed on a minimum 25/50/20 policy. It becomes required as soon as your uninsured coverage is above 25/50. Your uninsured coverage matches your injury limits unless you turn down the extra in writing.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Every policy includes uninsured motorist coverage of at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash, and you can't turn that part down. By default it matches your injury liability limits; you can turn down only the amount above 25/50, in writing. Underinsured motorist coverage is required only when your uninsured coverage is above that minimum, and then it must match. So a minimum 25/50/20 policy doesn't need it.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Indiana
Indiana requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $25,000 for property damage. Uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage are included unless you turn them down in writing. Underinsured coverage is at least $50,000.
What we couldn’t confirm: Indiana's code site needs JavaScript, so we read it in a browser. We marked PIP and medical payments coverage not required because we found no law requiring them, not because a law says they're optional.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage come with your policy at no less than your injury liability limits, unless you turn them down in writing (together or separately). Underinsured coverage can't be sold below $50,000. Uninsured motorist coverage for property damage is optional; we didn't re-read that law.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Iowa
Iowa requires at least $20,000 per person and $40,000 per crash for injuries, plus $15,000 for property damage. These are among the lowest in the country. Uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage are included unless you turn them down in writing.
What we couldn’t confirm: Bills to raise the minimums to 50/100/25 were pending in 2026 and show no passage, but we could have missed a late-session law; the 2026 Iowa Acts would confirm. We marked PIP and medical payments coverage not required because we found no law requiring them, not because a law says they're optional.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured motorist coverage (including hit-and-run) and underinsured motorist coverage are each included at no less than $20,000 per person and $40,000 per crash. You can turn down both, or either one, by signing a separate written rejection.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Kansas
Kansas requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $25,000 for property damage. You also need personal injury protection, which covers at least $4,500 of your own medical bills no matter who caused the crash. Uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage at the minimum limits is always included.
Good to know: The PIP disability benefit depends on your income; $900 a month is the minimum.
What we couldn’t confirm: We didn't check whether the 2026 legislative study of the minimums has made recommendations.
- Personal injury protection
- Minimums: $4,500 medical; $900/month disability/work loss for 1 year; $4,500 rehabilitation; $2,000 funeral; $25/day substitution (in-home services) for 365 days; $900/month survivor benefits
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured motorist coverage matches your injury liability limits and also covers underinsured drivers. You can turn down in writing only the part above $25,000/$50,000, so everyone keeps at least that much.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Kentucky
Kentucky requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $25,000 for property damage, or a $60,000 combined limit. You also need $10,000 of personal injury protection. Kentucky is a 'choice' no-fault state: you're under no-fault rules unless you file a form with the Department of Insurance keeping your full right to sue (and be sued). Uninsured-motorist coverage is included unless you reject it in writing; underinsured coverage is optional.
No-fault is your choice here. If you don't choose, no-fault rules apply.
Good to know: Kentucky is a "choice" no-fault state. No-fault applies unless you file a written rejection with the Department of Insurance. Under no-fault, you can sue for pain and suffering only if medical bills pass $1,000 or the injury is serious.
- Combined limit you can use instead
- $60,000
- Personal injury protection
- $10,000 per person (Kentucky calls these basic reparation benefits).
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured motorist coverage is included at no less than $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash unless you turn it down in writing. Insurers only have to make underinsured motorist coverage available if you ask, so it's optional.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
- Sources
Louisiana
Louisiana requires at least $15,000 per person and $30,000 per crash for injuries, plus $25,000 for property damage. Uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage matches your liability limits unless you reject it or lower it on a signed state form. If you drive without insurance, you can't recover the first $100,000 of your own injury or property damages after a crash.
What we couldn’t confirm: For the 2025 "no pay, no play" change, we read the bill as passed, not the updated law, and didn't confirm its start date. We found no 2026 change to the minimums. We marked medical payments coverage not required because we found no law requiring it.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- One coverage handles both uninsured and underinsured drivers. By default it matches your injury liability limits. You can turn it down, pick lower limits, or pick economic-only coverage, but only on the state's form, signed by the policyholder. Limits can't go below the state minimums unless you choose economic-only coverage.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Maine
Maine requires at least $50,000 per person and $100,000 per crash for injuries, plus $25,000 for property damage. Every policy must also include at least $2,000 of medical payments coverage and uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage. That coverage matches your liability limits unless you sign a form choosing less.
Good to know: The medical payments requirement doesn't apply to policies covering more than four vehicles or to garage policies. Maine also requires $500 of towing coverage, which the table doesn't show.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Maine's "uninsured vehicle coverage" covers both uninsured and underinsured drivers and can't be dropped. On a personal policy it matches your injury liability limits unless you sign the state's form choosing less, and it can never be below $50,000/$100,000.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Maryland
Maryland requires at least $30,000 per person and $60,000 per crash for injuries, plus $15,000 for property damage. Your policy also includes $2,500 of personal injury protection unless you waive it in writing. Uninsured motorist coverage, which also covers underinsured drivers, can't be dropped.
What we couldn’t confirm: It isn't marked as a no-fault state because Maryland PIP pays regardless of fault but no statute we found limits lawsuits (it is add-on PIP). We didn't retrieve a statute on that point. Medical payments coverage is marked not required because no statute we found requires it.
- Personal injury protection
- At least $2,500 for medical, hospital, and disability benefits, unless the policyholder signs a written waiver on the state's form.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- You can't drop uninsured motorist coverage. Maryland counts a driver whose limits are lower than yours as uninsured, so it also covers underinsured drivers. The minimum is $30,000/$60,000 for injuries and $15,000 for property damage. On a personal policy it matches your liability limits unless you sign a written waiver, and the waiver only lets you go down toward the minimum, not remove it. "Enhanced" underinsured coverage is available as an option.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Massachusetts
For policies issued or renewed since July 1, 2025, Massachusetts requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $30,000 for property damage. Every policy also includes $8,000 of personal injury protection and uninsured motorist coverage. Massachusetts is a no-fault state, so your own PIP pays first after a crash.
What we couldn’t confirm: The $25,000/$50,000 minimum for uninsured motorist coverage comes from reading the law's cross-reference together with the 2024 increase. mass.gov blocked our tools, so we couldn't quote the insurance division's bulletin; a search result from mass.gov listed the same amount. As far as we found, medical payments coverage is optional.
- Personal injury protection
- $8,000 per person.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured motorist coverage for injuries is required at the same amounts as injury liability, which we read as 25/50 for policies from 1 July 2025. Underinsured coverage is optional, and your insurer must tell you it's available.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Michigan
Michigan policies now start at $250,000 per person and $500,000 per crash for injuries. You can sign a state form to drop that to $50,000/$100,000, the lowest allowed. Every policy includes no-fault personal injury protection (you pick a medical limit) and up to $1 million for damage your car does to property in Michigan. Uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage is optional.
Good to know: The table shows the lowest injury limits you can buy (50/100), not the 250/500 a policy starts with. The $10,000 property-damage figure applies outside Michigan; inside Michigan, damage your car does is paid by up to $1 million of property protection insurance.
What we couldn’t confirm: The state guide that says uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage are optional is an older edition from before 2020; we relied on it only for that point. We marked medical payments coverage not required because we found no law requiring it, not because a law says it's optional.
- Personal injury protection
- PIP medical has been a choice since July 2, 2020: unlimited, $500,000, $250,000, or $50,000 (only if you're on Medicaid and your household is covered). If you make no valid choice, you get unlimited. Some people with Medicare Parts A and B can opt out of PIP medical entirely. Property protection insurance (PPI) pays up to $1,000,000 per crash for damage your car does in Michigan.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Minnesota
Minnesota requires at least $30,000 per person and $60,000 per crash for injuries, plus $10,000 for property damage. Every policy also includes $40,000 of no-fault personal injury protection ($20,000 medical and $20,000 for lost income and similar losses). Separate uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage is required at $25,000/$50,000 each.
Good to know: Under no-fault, you can sue for pain and suffering only if medical bills pass $4,000 or the injury is serious, such as a permanent injury or more than 60 days of disability.
What we couldn’t confirm: We marked medical payments coverage not required because we found no law requiring it. PIP already covers medical bills.
- Personal injury protection
- $40,000 per person: $20,000 for medical expenses and $20,000 for income loss, replacement services, funeral, and survivor losses.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage are separate, and both are required, each at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash. You can't turn either one down.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Mississippi
Mississippi requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $25,000 for property damage. Uninsured motorist coverage, which also covers underinsured drivers, is included unless you turn it down in writing.
What we couldn’t confirm: The official Mississippi Code is only on LexisNexis, which we couldn't open, so the law's text comes from legislature bill documents that reprint it. One of those bills is from 2020, so a later small change is possible. Medical payments coverage is optional, according to the Mississippi Insurance Department's consumer page.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured motorist coverage for injuries and for property damage comes with your policy, at no less than $25,000/$50,000 for injuries and $25,000 for property damage, unless you turn it down in writing. The property damage part may exclude the first $200. Mississippi counts a driver whose limits are lower than yours as uninsured, so this also covers underinsured drivers.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
- Sources
Missouri
Missouri requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $25,000 for property damage. Every personal auto policy must also include uninsured motorist coverage of at least $25,000/$50,000. Underinsured motorist coverage is optional.
What we couldn’t confirm: We marked underinsured motorist coverage not required because we found no law requiring it; the law only covers how it works if you buy it. We marked medical payments coverage not required because we found no law requiring it, not because a law says it's optional.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured motorist coverage for injuries is required on personal policies, at no less than $25,000/$50,000, and there's no way to turn it down. For commercial vehicles and fleets of five or more, it only has to be offered. Underinsured motorist coverage is optional.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Montana
Montana requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $20,000 for property damage. Uninsured motorist coverage is included unless you sign a form turning it down. Underinsured motorist coverage is optional.
Good to know: Montana's law gives you the right to turn down uninsured motorist coverage without saying it has to be in writing, so we mark it "included unless you decline." The state insurance office says you sign a form to do it.
What we couldn’t confirm: We read the insurance office's page through a summarizing tool because it blocked direct downloads. We marked underinsured motorist coverage not required because we found no law requiring it, but no source we read says it's optional. We marked medical payments coverage not required because we found no law requiring it, not because a law says it's optional.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured motorist coverage for injuries comes with your policy at $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash unless you turn it down. After you do, renewals leave it out unless you ask for it in writing.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Nebraska
Nebraska requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $25,000 for property damage. Every policy must also include uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage of at least $25,000/$50,000; there is no written opt-out in the statute.
What we couldn’t confirm: We marked PIP and medical payments coverage not required because we found no law requiring them, not because a law says they're optional.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage are each at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries. If you ask in writing, your insurer must provide more, up to $100,000/$300,000.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Nevada
Nevada requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $20,000 for property damage. Uninsured-motorist coverage is included unless you turn it down in writing; underinsured-motorist and medical-payments coverage must be offered but are optional.
What we couldn’t confirm: We marked underinsured motorist coverage optional because the law says insurers "must offer" it, while it requires only uninsured (and hit-and-run) coverage. Nevada's law counts a driver below the state minimum as uninsured, which isn't the same as underinsured coverage.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured motorist coverage is at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash. Insurers must offer uninsured and underinsured coverage up to your injury liability limits; underinsured coverage is offered, not required.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
New Hampshire
New Hampshire doesn't require most drivers to buy car insurance, but you're still on the hook for crash damages, and the state can require insurance after a crash or violation. If you do buy a policy, it must include at least $25,000/$50,000 for injuries, $25,000 for property damage, $1,000 of medical payments, and uninsured-motorist coverage (which also covers underinsured drivers).
Good to know: The "required" marks for uninsured, underinsured, and medical payments coverage apply only if you buy a policy, since most drivers don't have to. The insurance department's guide is from 2022; we confirmed the laws it relies on are current.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- If you buy a policy, uninsured motorist coverage must be at least $25,000/$50,000, and it matches your liability limits if you buy more. New Hampshire counts underinsured drivers as uninsured, so this coverage handles both.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
New Jersey
With a Standard Policy, New Jersey requires at least $35,000 per person and $70,000 per crash for injuries, $25,000 for property damage, at least $15,000 of PIP, and uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage. A cheaper Basic Policy is also legal: it carries $15,000 PIP and $5,000 property damage, with injury liability only as an optional $10,000, and it gives you much less protection.
No-fault is your choice here. We haven't confirmed which rules apply if you don't choose.
Good to know: New Jersey is a "choice" state. With a Standard Policy you pick the limited or unlimited right to sue for pain and suffering; the Basic Policy always has the limited right.
What we couldn’t confirm: We haven't confirmed from an official copy of the law which option applies if you don't choose, so that default is blank. The PIP minimum and the Basic Policy figures ($5,000 property damage, optional $10,000 injury liability) come from the state's 2026 buyer's guide; we didn't read the laws behind them.
- Personal injury protection
- Standard Policy: at least $15,000 per person/accident (up to $250,000 or more available); up to $250,000 for certain serious injuries regardless of the limit you choose. Basic Policy: $15,000 per person/accident.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- A Standard Policy must include uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage at the injury minimums ($35,000/$70,000 from 2026), plus property damage coverage ($25,000 total, $500 deductible). You can buy more, up to your liability limits. A Basic Policy has none.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
New Mexico
New Mexico requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $10,000 for property damage. Uninsured-motorist coverage, which also covers underinsured drivers, is included unless you turn it down in writing.
What we couldn’t confirm: We couldn't load the official New Mexico statutes. The limits come from Motor Vehicle Division pages that quote the law, and the uninsured motorist wording comes from current-law text reprinted in a 2025 bill (which failed). We didn't read the uninsured motorist minimums in the law itself.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured motorist coverage, which by law also covers underinsured drivers, must be at least $25,000/$50,000 for injuries and $10,000 for property damage (up to $250 of property damage may be excluded). You can buy more, up to your liability limits. You can turn it down, but only in writing, and the rejection becomes part of the policy.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
New York
New York requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries ($50,000/$100,000 if someone dies), plus $10,000 for property damage. Your policy also must include $50,000 of no-fault (PIP) coverage and basic uninsured-motorist coverage; underinsured-motorist (SUM) coverage is optional.
What we couldn’t confirm: We didn't read the law that says you must carry no-fault coverage; the $50,000 figure comes from the law that defines it.
- Personal injury protection
- $50,000 per person of no-fault benefits for medical bills and lost income.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured motorist coverage is required: $25,000 per person for injury ($50,000 for death) and $50,000 per crash for injury ($100,000 for death). Extra coverage for uninsured and underinsured drivers ("SUM") is optional, up to your injury liability limits ($250,000/$500,000 at most).
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
North Carolina
Since July 1, 2025, North Carolina requires at least $50,000 per person and $100,000 per crash for injuries, plus $50,000 for property damage. Every policy must also include uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage, which by default match your liability limits.
What we couldn’t confirm: The 2024 law shows the old and new start dates side by side; following North Carolina's usual strike-and-insert style, we read July 1, 2025 as the start. We marked medical payments coverage not required because we found no law requiring it.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured motorist coverage for injuries starts at your highest injury liability limit (up to $1 million). You can choose less, but not below $50,000/$100,000. Its property damage part starts at your property damage limit. Underinsured motorist coverage must match your uninsured coverage for injuries.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
North Dakota
North Dakota requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $25,000 for property damage. It is a no-fault state: your policy must include $30,000 of no-fault (PIP) benefits, plus uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage.
- Personal injury protection
- $30,000 per person basic no-fault benefits (max $150/week work loss; $3,500 funeral)
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured motorist coverage is at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash, and underinsured motorist coverage must match it. You can ask for more, up to your injury liability limits or $100,000/$300,000.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Ohio
Ohio requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $25,000 for property damage. Uninsured- and underinsured-motorist coverage is optional, so ask for it if you want it.
Good to know: You can also show financial responsibility with a bond, a deposit, or self-insurance instead of a policy.
What we couldn’t confirm: We marked medical payments coverage not required because we found no law requiring it, not because a law says it's optional.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Oklahoma
Oklahoma requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $25,000 for property damage. Uninsured-motorist coverage, which also covers drivers who don't carry enough insurance, comes with your policy unless you turn it down in writing.
What we couldn’t confirm: We marked PIP and medical payments coverage not required because we found no law requiring them, not because a law says they're optional.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- At least $25,000/$50,000 unless you turn it down in writing, and insurers must offer more, up to your liability limits. Oklahoma counts underinsured drivers as uninsured, so one coverage handles both.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Oregon
Oregon requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $20,000 for property damage. Every car policy also has to include personal injury protection (at least $15,000 for medical bills) and uninsured/underinsured-motorist coverage.
Good to know: Oregon's PIP pays your own medical bills no matter who caused the crash, but we found no limit on your right to sue, so Oregon isn't marked as a no-fault state.
What we couldn’t confirm: No law we read says outright that Oregon isn't a no-fault state. We marked medical payments coverage not required because PIP already covers medical bills.
- Personal injury protection
- Required on personal policies: at least $15,000 per person for medical and related expenses, plus other benefits such as lost income.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured motorist coverage matches your injury liability limits unless you choose lower limits in writing, and it can't go below $25,000/$50,000 or be dropped. It also covers underinsured drivers.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania requires at least $15,000 per person and $30,000 per crash for injuries, plus $5,000 for property damage, and every policy includes a $5,000 medical benefit. Uninsured and underinsured-motorist coverage must be offered to you but is optional. You also choose between 'full tort' and 'limited tort', which affects your right to sue for pain and suffering.
No-fault is your choice here. If you don't choose, ordinary fault rules apply.
Good to know: Pennsylvania is a "choice" state: you pick full tort or limited tort. If you don't choose, the law presumes full tort, which keeps your full right to sue. The required $5,000 medical benefit is shown as PIP; there's no separate medical payments requirement.
- Personal injury protection
- First-party medical benefit of $5,000.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Insurers must offer uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage, but buying them is optional. You can also ask for lower limits.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Rhode Island
Rhode Island requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $25,000 for property damage (or a $75,000 combined limit). Uninsured/underinsured-motorist coverage comes with your policy. You can drop it only if you buy just the state minimum and sign a written warning notice.
Good to know: You can drop uninsured motorist coverage only if you buy just the state minimum and sign a written notice, so it's shown as "included unless you decline in writing."
What we couldn’t confirm: We marked PIP and medical payments coverage not required because we found no law requiring them, not because a law says they're optional.
- Combined limit you can use instead
- $75,000
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured motorist coverage matches your injury liability limits. You can pick lower limits in writing, but not below 25/50, and you can drop it entirely only if you buy just the state minimum and sign a written notice. It also covers underinsured drivers. You can turn down its property-damage part in writing.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
South Carolina
South Carolina requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $25,000 for property damage. Uninsured-motorist coverage is mandatory. Underinsured-motorist coverage must be offered to you but is optional.
What we couldn’t confirm: We marked PIP not required because we found no law requiring it. Medical payments coverage is optional: the law describes it as offered "at the option of the insured."
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured motorist coverage is required, at no less than $25,000/$50,000 for injuries and $25,000 for property damage (the first $200 of property loss may be excluded). Insurers must offer more, and must offer underinsured motorist coverage, up to your liability limits, but underinsured coverage is optional.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
South Dakota
South Dakota requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $25,000 for property damage. Every policy must also include uninsured and underinsured-motorist coverage at the same limits as your injury liability.
What we couldn’t confirm: The legislature's statute pages load with JavaScript, so we read the same text through its data feed. We marked PIP and medical payments coverage not required because we found no law requiring them, not because a law says they're optional.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage must each match your injury liability limits, up to $100,000/$300,000 unless you ask for more, and you can't turn them down. At the $25,000/$50,000 minimum, you carry $25,000/$50,000 of each.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Tennessee
Tennessee requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $25,000 for property damage (or a $65,000 combined limit). Uninsured-motorist coverage is included at your liability limits unless you turn it down in writing.
What we couldn’t confirm: The official Tennessee code site (Lexis) blocked full access with a captcha, so we read only a search excerpt of the uninsured motorist law. We haven't confirmed whether Tennessee counts underinsured drivers as uninsured, so underinsured motorist coverage is blank. We also didn't read the law that requires insurance itself; that part rests on the Department of Revenue's page. We marked PIP and medical payments coverage not required because we found no law requiring them, not because a law says they're optional.
- Combined limit you can use instead
- $65,000
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured motorist coverage matches your injury liability limits unless you turn it down completely in writing, or pick lower limits in writing (not below the state minimums).
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Texas
Texas requires at least $30,000 per person and $60,000 per crash for injuries, plus $25,000 for property damage. Personal injury protection (PIP) and uninsured/underinsured-motorist coverage come with your policy unless you turn them down in writing.
Good to know: Texas is an at-fault state even though PIP comes with your policy by default. We found nothing in the law that limits your right to sue.
What we couldn’t confirm: We marked medical payments coverage not required because we found no law requiring it, not because a law says it's optional.
- Personal injury protection
- $2,500 per person is the standard amount; the law doesn't require insurers to offer more.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- One coverage handles both uninsured and underinsured drivers, at no less than the state minimums (30/60/25), including property damage.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Utah
Utah requires at least $30,000 per person and $65,000 per crash for injuries, plus $25,000 for property damage, on policies issued or renewed since January 1, 2025. Your policy also must include $3,000 of personal injury protection. Uninsured and underinsured-motorist coverage are included unless you turn them down in writing.
What we couldn’t confirm: We didn't read the law that requires owners to carry insurance directly; that part rests on the insurance code's reference to it. We marked medical payments coverage not required because PIP already covers medical bills.
- Combined limit you can use instead
- $90,000
- Personal injury protection
- At least $3,000 per person for medical expenses, plus other listed benefits (e.g., $3,000 death benefit).
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage match your liability limits (or the insurer's maximum, if lower). You can turn them down or buy lower limits by signing a form, but uninsured motorist coverage can't go below the state's injury minimums.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Vermont
Vermont requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $10,000 for property damage. Every policy must also include uninsured/underinsured-motorist coverage of at least $50,000 per person and $100,000 per crash.
What we couldn’t confirm: Vermont's online statutes include laws through the 2025 session, so a 2026 change can't be fully ruled out. We marked PIP and medical payments coverage not required because we found no law requiring them, not because a law says they're optional.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Combined uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage is required: at least $50,000 per person and $100,000 per crash for injuries, plus up to $10,000 for property damage ($150 deductible). If your liability limits are higher, it matches them unless you ask otherwise.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
- Sources
Virginia
For policies starting on or after January 1, 2025, Virginia requires at least $50,000 per person and $100,000 per crash for injuries, plus $25,000 for property damage. Uninsured/underinsured-motorist coverage at those minimums is always included. Since July 1, 2024, you can no longer pay a fee to drive uninsured.
Good to know: You can turn down only the uninsured and underinsured coverage above the state minimum. The minimum amount has no opt-out.
What we couldn’t confirm: The date the uninsured motor vehicle fee ended comes from the Virginia DMV's announcement; we didn't read the 2023 law that ended it.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage come together in one part of the policy. They must be at least $50,000/$100,000/$25,000 and match your liability limits unless you turn down the amount above the minimum.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Washington
Washington requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $10,000 for property damage. Underinsured-motorist coverage (which also covers uninsured drivers) is included unless you reject it in writing. Your insurer must offer PIP, and you have to reject it in writing if you don't want it.
Good to know: The law calls PIP "an optional coverage" that insurers must offer, so it's marked not required. But to go without it, you have to turn it down in writing.
- Personal injury protection
- Insurers must offer PIP with at least $10,000 medical/hospital, $2,000 funeral, $10,000 income continuation (max $200/week), and $5,000 loss of services (max $200/week). You can reject it in writing.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Washington counts a driver with no insurance as underinsured, so one coverage handles both. It matches your liability limits unless you turn down all or part of it in writing.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
West Virginia
West Virginia requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $25,000 for property damage. Uninsured-motorist coverage at those amounts is always part of your policy; underinsured-motorist coverage is an option your insurer has to offer.
What we couldn’t confirm: We marked underinsured motorist coverage not required because the law says the policy must "provide an option" for it. We found no general PIP or medical payments requirement, and no-fault status is inferred from the absence of any PIP or lawsuit-limit law.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured motorist coverage is at least $25,000/$50,000/$25,000, and the first $300 of property damage may be excluded. Insurers must offer more, up to 100/300/50, and must offer underinsured coverage as an option.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Wisconsin
Wisconsin requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $10,000 for property damage. Uninsured-motorist coverage is always included, and $1,000 of medical payments coverage is included unless you turn it down. Underinsured-motorist coverage is optional.
Good to know: The law lets you turn down medical payments coverage without saying the first refusal has to be in writing, so it's marked "included unless you decline." Town mutual insurers don't have to include uninsured motorist coverage.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured motorist coverage for injuries is at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash. Underinsured motorist coverage is optional; insurers must tell you it's available, and if you buy it, it must be at least $50,000/$100,000. Medical payments coverage of at least $1,000 per person comes with the policy unless you turn it down.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Wyoming
Wyoming requires at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injuries, plus $20,000 for property damage. Uninsured-motorist coverage comes with your policy unless you turn it down.
Good to know: The law lets you turn down uninsured motorist coverage without saying the first refusal has to be in writing, so it's marked "included unless you decline."
What we couldn’t confirm: We found no underinsured motorist requirement in the traffic laws, but we didn't check the insurance code for a rule that insurers must offer it.
- Uninsured and underinsured motorist
- Uninsured motorist coverage for injuries is at least $25,000/$50,000. There's no property-damage requirement.
- Checked
- September 22, 2026
Want the full detail on each source (who owns it, the terms, and exactly which fields we took)? It's in the source list on GitHub.
This is an estimate to help you plan, not a quote. We don't sell insurance, and we never pass your info to anyone. Only an insurer can give you a real price.